Cream of tartar, also known as potassium bitartrate or potassium hydrogen tartrate, is a common ingredient in many kitchens, yet its versatility and benefits are often overlooked. It’s a byproduct of winemaking, a powdery acidic salt that forms naturally during the fermentation process. While it might seem like just another baking ingredient, cream of tartar has a surprisingly wide range of uses that extend far beyond the realm of cakes and cookies. This comprehensive guide will explore the many ways you can use cream of tartar, from culinary applications to cleaning solutions and even home remedies.
Understanding Cream of Tartar
Let’s begin by understanding what cream of tartar actually is. As mentioned earlier, it’s an acidic salt derived from tartaric acid, which is naturally present in grapes. During winemaking, tartaric acid crystallizes and forms a sediment in wine barrels. This sediment is then collected, purified, and ground into the fine white powder we know as cream of tartar.
Cream of tartar is valued for its ability to stabilize egg whites, prevent sugar crystallization, and act as a leavening agent. It plays a crucial role in creating light, airy textures in baked goods.
Distinguishing Cream of Tartar from Baking Powder and Baking Soda
It’s important to distinguish cream of tartar from other common baking ingredients like baking powder and baking soda, as they are not interchangeable. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is a base, while cream of tartar is an acid. Baking powder, on the other hand, is a complete leavening agent, containing both an acid (often cream of tartar) and a base (baking soda).
When baking soda is combined with an acidic ingredient like cream of tartar or lemon juice, it produces carbon dioxide gas, which helps baked goods rise. Baking powder already contains both components, so it only needs moisture to activate the leavening process. Substituting one for another without adjusting the recipe can lead to undesirable results.
Culinary Uses of Cream of Tartar
Cream of tartar’s most well-known applications are in the kitchen. Its unique properties make it an invaluable ingredient for achieving specific textures and preventing common baking mishaps.
Stabilizing Egg Whites
Perhaps the most common use of cream of tartar is to stabilize egg whites when making meringues, soufflés, or angel food cakes. Adding a small amount of cream of tartar to egg whites before whipping helps to create a more stable foam that holds its shape better.
The acid in cream of tartar helps to denature the egg white proteins, allowing them to unfold and form stronger bonds, resulting in a firmer and more voluminous meringue. This prevents the egg whites from collapsing or becoming watery. For best results, add about 1/8 teaspoon of cream of tartar per egg white.
Preventing Sugar Crystallization
Cream of tartar can also be used to prevent sugar from crystallizing in candies, syrups, and frostings. Sugar crystallization can result in a gritty or grainy texture, which is undesirable in many sweet treats.
By adding a small amount of cream of tartar, you can interfere with the formation of sugar crystals, resulting in a smoother and creamier consistency. This is particularly useful when making caramel, fondant, or simple syrups. Typically, a pinch of cream of tartar is sufficient for most recipes.
Boosting Leavening Power
While not a primary leavening agent like baking powder, cream of tartar can be used in conjunction with baking soda to create a homemade baking powder. This is especially useful when you’re out of store-bought baking powder or prefer a more controlled leavening process.
To make your own baking powder, simply combine 2 parts cream of tartar with 1 part baking soda and 1 part cornstarch. The cornstarch helps to absorb moisture and prevent the mixture from reacting prematurely. This homemade baking powder can be used in the same way as commercial baking powder, but it’s best to use it immediately after mixing for optimal results.
Improving Texture in Baked Goods
Beyond its specific applications, cream of tartar can also contribute to the overall texture of various baked goods. It can help to create a more tender crumb in cakes and cookies, as well as prevent the formation of gluten, resulting in a lighter and less chewy texture.
Adding a small amount of cream of tartar to cookie dough, for example, can help to prevent the cookies from becoming too tough or chewy. It can also contribute to a slightly tangy flavor, which can complement certain recipes.
Non-Culinary Uses of Cream of Tartar
The usefulness of cream of tartar extends far beyond the kitchen. Its mild acidity and abrasive properties make it an effective and natural cleaning agent.
Cleaning and Polishing
Cream of tartar can be used to clean and polish a variety of household items, from stainless steel to porcelain. Its gentle abrasive action helps to remove stains, tarnish, and buildup without scratching delicate surfaces.
To clean stainless steel, simply make a paste of cream of tartar and water, apply it to the surface, and gently scrub with a soft cloth. Rinse thoroughly with water and dry. This method is particularly effective for removing water spots and fingerprints.
Cream of tartar can also be used to clean and brighten copper cookware. Mix cream of tartar with lemon juice or vinegar to create a paste, apply it to the copper, and let it sit for a few minutes before scrubbing and rinsing. This will help to remove tarnish and restore the copper’s shine.
It’s even effective on porcelain. Mix cream of tartar with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide to form a paste and use it to clean stained porcelain sinks or bathtubs. Let the paste sit for about 30 minutes before scrubbing and rinsing.
Natural Cleaning Agent for Appliances
Cream of tartar can be used to clean and freshen appliances, such as coffee makers and microwaves.
To clean a coffee maker, add a tablespoon of cream of tartar to the water reservoir and run a brewing cycle. This will help to remove mineral buildup and improve the taste of your coffee. Afterward, run a cycle with plain water to rinse out any remaining cream of tartar.
For cleaning a microwave, mix a tablespoon of cream of tartar with a cup of water and heat it in the microwave for several minutes. The steam will help to loosen food particles and make it easier to wipe clean.
Laundry Stain Remover
Believe it or not, cream of tartar can also be used as a natural laundry stain remover. Its mild acidity can help to break down certain types of stains, such as rust or mildew.
To remove rust stains from clothing, make a paste of cream of tartar and water, apply it to the stain, and let it sit for about 30 minutes before washing as usual. For mildew stains, mix cream of tartar with lemon juice to create a paste, apply it to the stain, and let it dry in the sun before washing.
Metal Polishing
Cream of tartar can be used as a polishing agent for various metals, including silver and brass. Its gentle abrasive properties help to remove tarnish and restore shine.
To polish silver, make a paste of cream of tartar and water, apply it to the silver with a soft cloth, and gently rub until the tarnish is removed. Rinse thoroughly with water and dry. For brass, you can mix cream of tartar with lemon juice or vinegar to create a more potent polishing paste.
Cream of Tartar in Home Remedies
While not a substitute for professional medical advice, cream of tartar has been used in some home remedies due to its potential health benefits. However, it’s important to use it with caution and consult with a healthcare professional before using it for medicinal purposes.
Potential Source of Potassium
Cream of tartar is a good source of potassium, an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. Potassium deficiency can lead to various health problems, such as muscle cramps, fatigue, and high blood pressure.
Adding a small amount of cream of tartar to your diet may help to increase your potassium intake. However, it’s important to note that cream of tartar should not be used as a primary source of potassium, as excessive consumption can lead to adverse effects.
Joint Pain Relief (Anecdotal)
Some people believe that cream of tartar can help to relieve joint pain due to its potential anti-inflammatory properties. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support this claim.
Some anecdotal evidence suggests that soaking in a warm bath with cream of tartar may help to ease joint pain and stiffness. However, more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of cream of tartar for joint pain relief.
Acne Treatment (Topical Use)
Cream of tartar is sometimes used as a topical treatment for acne. Its mild acidity may help to exfoliate the skin and unclog pores.
Some people mix cream of tartar with water to create a paste and apply it to acne-prone areas. However, it’s important to use caution, as cream of tartar can be irritating to the skin. It’s best to test a small area first before applying it to the entire face.
Safety Considerations and Storage
While cream of tartar is generally considered safe, there are a few precautions to keep in mind.
- Allergies: Some people may be allergic to tartrates, so it’s important to be aware of any potential allergic reactions.
- Dosage: Excessive consumption of cream of tartar can lead to side effects such as electrolyte imbalances. It’s best to use it in moderation.
- Interactions: Cream of tartar may interact with certain medications, so it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional if you’re taking any medications.
To store cream of tartar, keep it in an airtight container in a cool, dry place. It has a long shelf life and can last for several years if stored properly. However, it’s best to use it within a year or two for optimal freshness.
In conclusion, cream of tartar is a versatile ingredient with a wide range of uses, from culinary applications to cleaning solutions and even potential home remedies. Its unique properties make it an invaluable tool for bakers, cooks, and anyone looking for natural and effective cleaning solutions. While it’s important to use it with caution and be aware of any potential risks, cream of tartar can be a valuable addition to your pantry and household cleaning arsenal.
What exactly is cream of tartar and where does it come from?
Cream of tartar, scientifically known as potassium bitartrate, is a byproduct of winemaking. It’s a white, powdery, acidic salt that crystallizes on the inside of wine barrels during the fermentation process. Wine producers scrape these crystals, purify them, and then grind them into the fine powder we recognize as cream of tartar.
Essentially, it’s a natural sediment derived from grapes that has been utilized for centuries in both culinary and cleaning applications. Its unique chemical properties make it a versatile ingredient for stabilizing egg whites, preventing sugar crystallization, and acting as a gentle cleaning agent.
How does cream of tartar help with stabilizing egg whites when making meringues?
Cream of tartar stabilizes egg whites by increasing their heat resistance and preventing them from collapsing during baking. It essentially denatures the proteins in the egg whites, causing them to unfold and entangle with each other, forming a stronger and more stable network. This network is able to trap air more effectively, resulting in a meringue that is taller, stiffer, and less likely to weep.
Furthermore, cream of tartar lowers the pH of the egg whites, making them slightly acidic. This acidity helps to further strengthen the protein network, inhibiting the formation of alkaline compounds that can cause the meringue to break down. The result is a smoother, glossier meringue that holds its shape beautifully.
Can cream of tartar be used as a substitute for baking powder?
Yes, cream of tartar can be used as a component in homemade baking powder. Baking powder is essentially cream of tartar combined with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and a drying agent (often cornstarch). The acidic cream of tartar reacts with the alkaline baking soda to release carbon dioxide, which leavens baked goods.
To make your own baking powder, combine 2 parts cream of tartar with 1 part baking soda and 1 part cornstarch. This mixture will provide the same leavening power as commercially prepared baking powder. It’s important to note that homemade baking powder should be used relatively soon after mixing, as it loses its potency over time.
What are some non-culinary uses for cream of tartar around the house?
Beyond baking, cream of tartar is a surprisingly effective natural cleaner. It can be used to remove stains from stainless steel, porcelain, and even clothing. Its mild acidity helps to dissolve mineral deposits and grime without being overly abrasive.
It can also be used to create a polishing paste for brass and copper by mixing it with a small amount of water. This paste gently removes tarnish, restoring the shine to these metals. Additionally, cream of tartar mixed with lemon juice can form a powerful, yet natural, bathroom cleaner for removing soap scum and hard water stains.
Is cream of tartar safe to ingest and are there any potential side effects?
Cream of tartar is generally considered safe for consumption in small amounts as it is typically used in baking. However, like any substance, excessive intake can lead to adverse effects. In large doses, it can act as a laxative, causing diarrhea and abdominal discomfort.
Individuals with kidney problems should exercise caution when consuming cream of tartar, as it is high in potassium. An excess of potassium can exacerbate existing kidney conditions. It’s always best to use cream of tartar in moderation and consult a healthcare professional if you have any underlying health concerns.
How should cream of tartar be stored to maintain its effectiveness?
To preserve the quality and effectiveness of cream of tartar, it’s crucial to store it properly. It should be kept in an airtight container in a cool, dry, and dark place. Exposure to moisture and humidity can cause it to clump together and lose its potency.
Avoid storing cream of tartar near strong-smelling substances, as it can absorb odors. A pantry shelf or a kitchen cabinet away from the stove and dishwasher are ideal locations. When stored correctly, cream of tartar can maintain its effectiveness for several years.
What are some common recipes that often call for cream of tartar?
Cream of tartar is a key ingredient in a variety of classic recipes. Meringues and soufflés are prime examples where its stabilizing properties are essential for achieving a light and airy texture. It’s also commonly used in angel food cake to create a tender crumb and prevent it from collapsing.
Beyond these, cream of tartar often appears in recipes for snickerdoodle cookies to give them their signature tangy flavor and chewy texture. It can also be found in certain frosting recipes, contributing to a smoother and less grainy consistency. Its versatility makes it a valuable ingredient in both sweet and savory dishes.